Mathematics is about problem-solving. One goal of mathematics instruction is to strengthen critical thinking, reasoning, and computational fluency which helps to lay the groundwork in the development of algebraic concepts. Accuracy, flexibility, and efficiency in computation give students the strength to become confident, creative, and effective problem-solvers. To help develop understanding students receive direct instruction and use concrete manipulatives, games, and technology as a tool when appropriate. Moving from understanding the concrete to the pictorial to the abstract provides a continuum to solidify understanding. Through concrete representations students are introduced to new concepts and use real objects to demonstrate their understanding.
As students move to the pictorial phase of their learning they relate their learning to representation using drawings or diagrams. Experiencing mathematics visually is helpful for learning. Then students move towards abstract thinking and represent problems using mathematical notation. This progression enables students to construct meaning, develop strong reasoning skills, and justify their thinking. Empowering students to ask questions is an important part of mathematics learning and also helps to further develop students’ ability to effectively communicate their thoughts and ideas to others.
Equally important is guiding understanding through questioning of students. As students move toward the upper grades they continue to build core concepts in order to strengthen their understanding of number sense, number theory, and problem solving. They are challenged to apply their mathematical thinking to solve real-world problems. As students move into algebraic studies they continue to use their mathematical foundation to analyze problems, determine solutions, and persevere using different problem solving strategies. Students learn to question whether their answers are reasonable and to evaluate the meaning of their problem solving process.
In the lower grades, the primary mathematics program used in 4K is Everyday Math and in K–4 it is Math in Focus. Beginning in 5th grade, students use the Pearson mathematics series through 8th grade. Our Middle School students are afforded the opportunity to advance to higher level mathematics past Algebra I as appropriate.
As with all programs, teachers add to and enrich what is taught through the use of appropriate supplementary materials. Learning goals for each grade level are guided by recommendations from the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM). It is important to meet students where they are and help them become capable and confident problem solvers. As engagement breeds achievement, mathematics teaching is designed to provide students with a strong foundation which will enable them to become critical thinkers who enjoy the learning of mathematics.